Cow serum is usually collected from fresh cow blood, and after natural chromatography and centrifugation, a light yellow transparent supernatant is obtained that removes blood cells and fibrin. Its main function is to provide basic nutrients, hormones and various growth factors, binding proteins, contact promoting and stretching factors to prevent cell adhesion from mechanical damage, and to provide certain protective effects on cells in culture.
In the early stages of in vitro cell culture, natural culture media were mostly used to cultivate cells, which were directly taken from animal tissue extracts or body fluids such as plasma, serum, lymphatic fluid, embryo extract, etc. The natural culture media currently in use mainly include bovine serum and other animal serum. The commonly used bovine serum in cell culture is a complex and incompletely defined mixture containing thousands of proteins, providing some growth factors, hormones, attachment factors, and nutrients needed for cell growth. Usually, 5% to 10% bovine serum is added to the basic cell culture medium for cell culture.
In addition to promoting cell adhesion and growth, bovine serum is used as a protective agent in some viral culture and production processes, and is also widely used in the production of in vitro diagnostic reagents, such as blocking solutions, diluents, etc. Its effect is similar to that of bovine serum albumin (BSA), playing a protective role.
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